Out with Whiteflies on Poinsettia August 2015 Greenhouse growers and whiteflies on poinsettia could be compared to children and Santa Claus at Christmas: Each can’t conceivably imagine the season without the other. Whiteflies are common insect pests of hibiscus, poinsettia, chrysanthemum, and a number of other indoor plants. Greenhouse growers and whiteflies on poinsettia could be compared to children and Santa Claus at Christmas: Each can’t conceivably imagine the season without the other. Whiteflies can be as small as 1/12 of an inch, are somewhat triangular in shape, and are often found in clusters on the undersides of leaves. Whiteflies are soft-bodied, winged insects closely related to aphids and mealybugs. Silverleaf whitefly feeding has been associated with several plant disorders, including silverleaf of squash, stem blanching and whitening of poinsettia and cruciferous vegetables, and irregular ripening of tomatoes. The recommended control or regulation program combines weekly releases of parasitoids (the species will depend on the whitefly species) with two applications of an insect growth regulator. Host plants include more than 250 ornamental and vegetable plants. Whitefly adults are tiny, white, moth-like insects. Whiteflies, including the sweetpotato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), are still the primary insect pest of poinsettia, feeding within the vascular system (phloem sieve tubes) and subsequently removing plant fluids.In addition, the nymphs produce or exude honeydew, which is a clear, sticky liquid that serves as a substrate for black sooty mold. This approach has an advantage, since some Bemisia whiteflies (the Q-biotype) are resistant to most chemical insecticides. Most growers probably have heard about a “new” whitefly that has appeared on poinsettia crops in many parts of the United States, called the Q Biotype. Whiteflies can be difficult pests to manage, especially in greenhouses where they enjoy a high-quality food supply, favorable environmental conditions and minimal protection from natural enemies. They are most often noticed when watering or handling a plant. A: Whiteflies are tenacious, and those masses on the backs of the leaves are eggs. In southern and coastal states whiteflies are found year-round in outdoor gardens. Two main species of whitefly are associated with poinsettias: The greenhouse whitefly (GHWF, Trialeurodes vaporariorum), and the silverleaf whitefly (SLWF, Bemisia argentifolii). Often, growers can successfully control whiteflies … On Poinsettia: There were some really tough whiteflies in greenhouses in Summer 2013. When disturbed, whiteflies flutter about the plant for a short time before returning to the plant. Indirect whitefly damage is caused by the large amounts of sticky honeydew secreted during feeding. Whiteflies are the most important insect pests of poinsettia, and as such they are the main targets of an insect and mite management program. Depending on the source of information about the Q In northern areas year-round infestations are possible only indoors. Two main species of whitefly are associ-ated with poinsettias: The greenhouse white-fly (GHWF, Trialeurodes vaporariorum), and the Citrus, squash, poinsettia, potato, cucumber, grape, tomato and hibiscus are commonly infested. Whiteflies damage a number of crops: verbena, fuchsia, regal geranium, lantana, nicotiana, ageratum and of course poinsettia. One shipment came in late March for stock plant production. In Canada, researchers and growers are experimenting with dipping poinsettia cuttings in soaps, oils and fungal-based biopesticides to kill whiteflies on infested propagated cuttings (see the April 2017 issue of GrowerTalks). The other greenhouse operation received plants in April to produce tree poinsettias. Two growers received poinsettias in the spring from the West Coast. Identification Despite their name, whiteflies are not a type of fly, though they do have wings and are capable of flying. Poinsettia Poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) crops are likely to be infested with whiteflies. Systemic insecticides work fairly well.
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